洋甘菊的花朵经干燥后,可用来泡茶饮用、制成胶囊服用、用于芳香疗法,或作为提取物局部使用。
洋甘菊功效宣称
甘菊茶被认为可以减轻炎症和发热、有轻度安定和抗抑郁作用、可缓解胃痉挛和消化不良,以及促进胃溃疡的愈合。据说洋甘菊提取物局部敷用可以舒缓受刺激的皮肤。红没药醇以及黄酮类化合物芹菜素和木犀草素被认为是活性成分(1)。
洋甘菊的证据
洋甘菊的不良反应
一般情况下洋甘菊是安全的; 然而,也有过敏反应的报道,尤其是对菊科(例如,向日葵,豚草)植物和花粉过敏的人。典型症状包括流泪,打喷嚏,胃肠不适,皮炎和过敏反应。
洋甘菊的药物相互作用
洋甘菊可能会增加抗凝血剂和镇静剂(包括巴比妥类药物和酒精)的作用。
洋甘菊可能会干扰他莫昔芬、激素替代疗法和含雌激素的口服避孕药的效果。洋甘菊也可能增加环孢素的血清浓度 (8)。
(参考表一些可能的膳食补充剂-药物相互作用。)
参考文献
1.Dai YL, Li Y, Wang Q, Niu FJ, Li KW, Wang YY, Wang J, Zhou CZ, Gao LN.Chamomile: A Review of Its Traditional Uses, Chemical Constituents, Pharmacological Activities and Quality Control Studies.Molecules. 2022 Dec 23;28(1):133.doi: 10.3390/molecules28010133
2.Amsterdam JD, Li Y, Soeller I, et al.A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of oral Matricaria recutita (chamomile) extract therapy for generalized anxiety disorder.J Clin Psychopharmacol.29(4):378-382, 2009.doi: 10.1097/JCP.0b013e3181ac935c
3.Keefe JR, Mao JJ, et al.Short-term open-label chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)therapy of moderate to severe generalized anxiety disorder.Phytomedicine.23(14):1699-1705, 2016.doi: 10.1016/j.phymed.2016.10.013
4.Amsterdam JD, Li QS, Xie SX, et al.Putative antidepressant effect of chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)oral extract in subjects with comorbid generalized anxiety disorder and depression.J Altern Complement Med 26(9):813-819, 2020.doi:10.1089/acm.2019.0252
5.Hieu TH, Dibas M, Dila KAS, et al.Therapeutic efficacy and safety of chamomile for state anxiety, generalized anxiety disorder, insomnia, and sleep quality: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized trials and quasi-randomized trials.Phytother Res.33:1604-1615, 2019.
6.Jun J. Mao, Sharon X. Xie, John R. Keefe, Irene Soeller, Qing S. Li, Jay D Amsterdam.Long-term chamomile (Matricaria chamomilla L.)treatment for generalized anxiety disorder: A randomized clinical trial, Phytomedicine.2016;23 (14):1735-1742.
7.Sarris J, Ravindran A, Yatham LN, et al. Clinician guidelines for the treatment of psychiatric disorders with nutraceuticals and phytoceuticals: The World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry (WFSBP) and Canadian Network for Mood and Anxiety Treatments (CANMAT) Taskforce. World J Biol Psychiatry.2022;23(6):424-455.
8.Nowack R, Nowak B.Herbal teas interfere with cyclosporin levels in renal transplant patients. Nephrol Dial Transplant.20(11):2554-2556, 2005.doi:10.1093/ndt/gfi003
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